week 2: 2014/03/10 ~ 2014/03/14

week 2: 2014/03/10 ~ 2014/03/14

part 1: unit 3 note - etymology

man(main) : hand

ex: manipulate(v.), mandate(v.), command(v.)

pel(puls) : push

ex: impulsive(a.), compel(v.), repel(v.)

pro : forward

ex: proceed(v.), propose(v.), prominent(a.)

sed(sess, set, sid, sit) : sit

ex: situation(n.), sedate(a./v.), president(n.)

vid(vis) : see, look

ex: vision(n.), video(n.), supervisor(n.)

part 2: vocabulary

day 1     3/10

consideration     n.     \kən-ˌsi-də-ˈrā-shən\

sentence(in the article): ...:basic consideration for others.

meaning 1: a desire to avoid doing something that will make another person sad, upset, angry, etc.
meaning 2: something that you think about when you make a choice or decision
meaning 3: careful thought : the act of thinking carefully about something you will make a decision about
simple sentence: You should give some serious consideration to your retirement plans.
part of speech: 

• nonconsideration     n.
• overconsideration     n.
• preconsideration     n.
• subconsideration     n.

grief     n.     \ˈgrēf\

sentence(in the article): I think children need to express feelings like grief, anger, fear, and hurt just as mush as happiness.

meaning 1: deep sadness caused especially by someone's death
meaning 2: a cause of deep sadness
meaning 3: trouble or annoyance
simple sentence: He has been unable to recover from his grief at his son's death.
part of speech: 

• griefless     a.
• grieflessness     n.

helpless     n.     \ˈhel-pləs\

sentence(in the article): Infants are completely helpless.

meaning 1: not protected : not able to defend yourself
meaning 2: unable to do something to make a situation, task, etc., better or easier
meaning 3: not able to be controlled
simple sentence: The civilians were helpless against their attackers.
part of speech: 

• helplessly     ad.
• helplessness     n.

impulsive     a.     \im-ˈpəl-siv\

sentence(in the article): They are still emotional, impulsive, and curious little creatures who have always needed training to become productive members of society.

meaning 1:  doing things or tending to do things suddenly and without careful thought

meaning 2: acting or tending to act on impulse
meaning 3: done suddenly and without planning
meaning 4: resulting from a sudden impulse
simple sentence: She's impulsive and often does things that she later regrets.

part of speech: 

• impulsively     ad.
• impulsiveness     n.
• nonimpulsive     a.
• nonimpulsively     ad.
• nonimpulsiveness     n.

manipulate     v.     \mə-ˈni-pyə-ˌlāt\

sentence(in the article): At the age of two or three, they also develop skills for manipulating adults.

meaning 1: to move or control (something) with your hands or by using a machine
meaning 2: medical : to move (muscles and bones) with your hands as a form of treatment
meaning 3: to use or change (numbers, information, etc.) in a skillful way or for a particular purpose
simple sentence: The mechanical arms are manipulated by a computer.
part of speech: 

• manipulatable     a.
• manipulatory     a.
• nonmanipulative     a.
• nonmanipulatory     a.
• outmanipulate     v.

day 2     3/11

manners     pln.      \ˈmænəz\

sentence(in the article): So it sounds like you are talking about manners.

meaning 1: social conduct
meaning 2: a social acceptable way of behaving
simple sentence: He has the manners of a pig.

proceed     v.      \prō-ˈsēd, prə-\

sentence(in the article): The minute they sit down at the table, they proceed to scream.

meaning 1: to continue to do something
meaning 2: to continue being done
meaning 3: to do something after you have done something else
simple sentence: After the interruption, she proceeded with her presentation.

part of speech:

• proceeder     n.
• reproceed     v.

reinforce     v.     \ˌrē-ən-ˈfȯrs\

sentence(in the article): It just reinforces the bad behavior.

meaning 1: to strengthen (a group of people) with new supplies or more people
meaning 2:  to strengthen (something, such as clothing or a building) by adding more material for support
meaning 3: to encourage or give support to (an idea, behavior, feeling, etc.)
simple sentence: The bad weather forecast only reinforces our decision to leave early tomorrow.

part of speech: 

• reinforcer     n.
• self-reinforcing     a.
• unreinforced     a.

slam     \ˈslam\

sentence(in the article): On the other hands, I also have patients who never say hello, scream at the top of their lungs, and slam doors.

n.
meaning 1: a forceful impact that makes a loud noise
meaning 2: the noise made by the forceful impact of two objects
meaning 3: winning all or all but one of the tricks in bridge
meaning 4: an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect
v.
meaning 1: strike violently
meaning 2: throw violently
meaning 3: close violently
meaning 4: dance the slam dance

simple sentence: He slammed the book on the table.

wail     \ˈwāl\

sentence(in the article): They wail loudly to call for food when they are hungry, and they writhe and kick when they are in pain.

n.
meaning 1: a long cry of sadness or pain
meaning 2: a long, high sound
v.
meaning 1: to make a loud, long cry of sadness or pain
meaning 2: to make a long, high sound

meaning 3: to complain in a loud voice

simple sentence: The child started wailing after she stumbled and fell.
part of speech: 

• wailer     n.
• wailingly     ad.
• unwailed     a.
• unwailing     a.

day 3     3/12

writhe     \ˈrīth\

sentence(in the article): They wail loudly to call for food when they are hungry, and they writhe and kick when they are in pain.
n.

meaning : a writhing movement; a twisting of the body, as in pain.

v.

meaning : to twist your body from side to side

simple sentence: She lay on the floor, writhing in pain.

part of speech: 

• writher     n.
• writhingly     ad.

authoritative     a.     \ə-ˈthär-ə-ˌtā-tiv, ȯ-, -ˈthȯr-\

sentence(in the article): I steady my voice and reach for a low, authoritative octave.

meaning 1: having or showing impressive knowledge about a subject
meaning 2: having the confident quality of someone who is respected or obeyed by other people

simple sentence: The book is an authoritative guide to the city's restaurants.

part of speech: 

• authoritatively     ad.
• authoritativeness     n.
• nonauthoritative    a.
• nonauthoritatively     ad.
• nonauthoritativeness     n.

jerk     \ˈjərk\

sentence(in the article):
n.

meaning 1: a stupid person or a person who is not well-liked or who treats other people badly
meaning 2: a quick pull or twist
meaning 3: a sudden sharp movement
meaning 4:(medical) an involuntary spasmodic muscular movement due to reflex action; especially : one induced by an external stimulus—see

v.

meaning 1: to give a quick suddenly arrested push, pull, or twist to
meaning 2: to propel or move with or as if with a quick suddenly arrested motion
meaning 3: to mix and serve (as sodas) behind a soda fountain
meaning 4: to make a sudden spasmodic motion
meaning 5: to move in short abrupt motions or with frequent jolts
meaning 6: to preserve (meat) in long sun-dried slices

simple sentence: Most of the kids are nice, but some are jerks.

part of speech: 

• jerker     n.
• jerkingly     ad.

moan     \ˈmōn\

sentence(in the article): I start to chase her as she chases him, but give up when he looks pleadingly into my eyes, moaning ''STOaaaooop.''

n.

meaning 1: a long, low sound that someone makes because of pain, unhappiness, or physical pleasure
meaning 2: a long, low sound
meaning 3: a complaint about something

v.

meaning 1: to make a long, low sound because of pain, unhappiness, or physical pleasure
meaning 2: to express unhappiness about something
meaning 3: to say (something) in a way that shows pain or unhappiness

simple sentence: He moaned with pleasure as she rubbed his back.

part of speech: 

• moanful     a.
• moanfully     ad.
• moaningly     ad.
• unmoaned     a.
• unmoaning     a.

pleading     n.     \plee-ding\

sentence(in the article): The key takeaway is that the relaxed pleading requirement will now make it easier for employees to withstand an employer’s pre-answer motion to dismiss as plaintiffs can be less precise in pleading a whistle-blower retaliation claim.

meaning 1: the act of asking for something in a serious and emotional way

meaning 2: (law) one of the formal, usually written statements made by the two sides of a legal case in a court of law

simple sentence: 'm tired of their begging and pleading.

part of speech: 

• pleadingly     ad.
• pleadingness     n.
• nonpleading     a.
• nonpleadingly     ad.
• unpleading     a.

day 4     3/13

poll     \ˈpōl\

sentence(in the article): I consider taking a playground poll as to whether I should ''get out'' and, if I choose not to, does this, in fact, make me a ''bad woman''?

n.

meaning 1: an activity in which several or many people are asked a question or a series of questions in order to get information about what most people think about something
meaning 2: the record of votes that were made by people in an election
meaning 3: the number of votes made in an election

v.

meaning 1: to ask (several or many people) a question or a series of questions in order to get information about what most people think about something
meaning 2: to receive (a specified number or percentage of votes) in an election

simple sentence: A recent poll shows a decrease in the number of teenagers who smoke.

part of speech: 

• pollable     a.
• poller     n.
• repolling     a.

propel     v.     \prə-ˈpel\

sentence(in the article): She propels him forward with ease, though he can't be a light load with his sand toys, [and]school stuff....

meaning 1: to drive, or cause to move, forward or onward
meaning 2: to impel or urge onward

simple sentence: Urgent need of money propelled him to take a job.

part of speech: 

• unpropelled     a.

remainder     \ri-ˈmān-dər\

sentence(in the article): I walk the remainder of the way well outside his field of stroller vision....

n.

meaning 1: the remainder : the part that is left when the other people or things are gone, used, etc.

meaning 2: (mathematics) the number that is left when one number is subtracted from another number

meaning 3: the number that is left over when one number does not divide evenly into another number

v.

meaning : to sell (a book) at a reduced price because not many copies are being sold and no more copies will be produced

simple sentence: 2 subtracted from 5 gives a remainder of 3.

remedy     \ˈre-mə-dē\

sentence(in the article): Mrs. X whips out her keys and proceeds to remedy the situation.

n. (plural: remedies)
meaning 1: a medicine or treatment that relieves pain or cures a usually minor illness
meaning 2: a way of solving or correcting a problem
meaning 3: (medical) a medicine, application, or treatment that relieves or cures a disease

v.

meaning : to solve, correct, or improve (something)

simple sentence: The conflict can be remedied by scheduling the meeting for next week.

part of speech: 

• nonremedy     n.
• unremedied     a.

sob     \ˈsäb\

sentence(in the article): He throws himself onto the floor sobbing, lost in grief.

n.

meaning 1: an act of sobbing
meaning 2: a sound like that of a sob

v.

meaning 1: to cry noisily while taking in short, sudden breaths
meaning 2: to say (something) while sobbing

simple sentence: He began to sob uncontrollably.

part of speech: 

• sobber      n.
• sobbingly     ad.
• sobful     a.

day 5     3/14

steady

sentence(in the article): I steady my voice and reach for a low, authoritative octave.

n.
meaning : the only person you are having a romantic relationship with : the person you are going steady with
v.
meaning 1: to keep (something or someone) from moving, shaking, falling, etc.
meaning 2: to cause (something) to stop changing, increasing, decreasing, etc.
a.
meaning 1: firmly placed or fixed; stable in position or equilibrium: a steady ladder.
meaning 2: even or regular in movement: the steady swing of the pendulum.
meaning 3: free from change, variation, or interruption; uniform; continuous: a steady diet of meat and potatoes; a steady wind.
meaning 4: constant, regular, or habitual: a steady job.
meaning 5: free from excitement or agitation; calm: steady nerves.
meaning 6: firm; unfaltering: a steady gaze; a steady hand.
meaning 7: steadfast or unwavering; resolute: a steady purpose.
meaning 8: settled, staid, or sober, as a person, habits, etc.
meaning 9: Nautical . (of a vessel) keeping nearly upright, as in a heavy sea.
ad.
meaning : in a steady way

simple sentence: Painting takes a steady hand and a good eye.
part of speech: 

• steadily     ad.
• steadiness     n.
• oversteadily      ad.
• oversteadiness     n.
• oversteady      a.

straighten      v.     \ˈstrā-tən\

sentence(in the article): Mrs. X bends down, as if about to hold him, then straightens up.

meaning 1: to make (something) straight or to become straight
meaning 2: to make (something) organized or tidy : to put (something) in order
simple sentence: He drooping flowers straightened in the rain.
part of speech: 

• straightener     n.
• overstraighten     v.
• prestraighten     v.
• restraighten     v.
• unstraightened     a.
• well-straightened     a.

ease     \ˈēz\

sentence(in the article): She propels him forward with ease, though he can't be a light load with his sand toys, [and]school stuff....

n.
meaning 1: freedom from pain or trouble : comfort of body or mind
meaning 2: lack of difficulty
meaning 3: a relaxed and informal way of behaving
v.
meaning 1: to free (someone or something) from trouble or worry
meaning 2: to make (something) less painful
meaning 3: to make (tension, a problem, etc.) less severe or troubling

simple sentence: The diplomats failed to ease tensions between the two nations.
part of speech: 

• selfease     n.
• self-easing     a.
• well-eased     a.

vision     \ˈvi-zhən\

sentence(in the article): I walk the remainder of the way well outside his field of stroller vision....

n.
meaning 1: the ability to see : sight or eyesight
meaning 2: something that you imagine : a picture that you see in your mind
meaning 3: something that you see or dream especially as part of a religious or supernatural experience
v.
meaning : to envision

simple sentence:She tried to vision herself in a past century.
part of speech: 

• visionless     a.

throat     \ˈthrōt\

sentence(in the article): I clear my throat. ''He just threw his shoe and I--''

n.
meaning 1: the tube inside the neck that leads to the stomach and lungs
meaning 2: the front part of the neck
v.
meaning 1: to utter in the throat
meaning 2: to sing or enunciate in a throaty voice

simple sentence: My throat was dry so I took a sip of water.